Movement and Aperture blur Definition

Movement is the act or process of moving people or things from one place or position to another. There is generally no strict definition for movement in photography as for example motion can be captured through freeze frame or motion blur. 

Freeze Framing - a single frame forming a motionless image from a film or videotape.

Motion blur - the apparent streaking of rapidly moving objects in a still image or a sequence of images such as a movie or animation.

SLR Camera Functions:

The main camera controls include Aperture, Shutter Speed and ISO.

Speture adjusts the size of the opening through which light passes to the image sensor.

The more increase of 'f', the less light enters the camera.

Large aperture = low f.stop = narrow depth of field

Small aperture = high f.stop = wide depth of field

Shutter speed is measured in fractions of a second:

The arrow indicates the increase in motion blur.

Shutter speed is the timing and duration of opening and closing of the shutter curtain at the back of the camera. A faster shutter speed will freeze action while slower creates a blurred effect.

Relationship between Aperture and Shutter Speed

Macro is basically close up photography. It produces photographs of small items larger than life size.\

Technical aspects:

1) Magnification:

Macro photography has to do with the size that your subject is projected onto the camera's sensor. If you have a one-inch subject, its projection at "life-size" would be one once on the camera's sensor.

When an object is projected at life-size onto the sensor, it is at "1:1 magnification". If an object if projected at half of life-size, it is at 1:2 magnification. With 1:10 magnification or smaller, you aren't really shooting a macro photo anymore.

2) Working Distance:

Is the distance between your sensor and your subject at the closest possible focus distance of your lens.

A working distance of ten inches means that, with a camera/lens combo of eight inches long, the front of your lens will be two inches from the subject at its closest focusing distance.

The best macro lenses, as you might expect, have large working distances — a foot or more. The working distance increases as the focal length of the lens increases.